Phytoremediation of toxic metals from soil and waste water vinita hooda. Duckweed species are used in water quality studies for monitoring heavy metals radic et al. Kobert a a department 9 chemistry, physiological chemistry of plants, uni ersity of wuppertal, gauss str. Environmental pollution, heavy metals, phytoremediation, soil, water. However, it is considered as a slow form of remediation, as plants take time to grow and flourish. Phytoremediation is a better option for cleanup of metalcontaminated sites. In fact, through the process, hemp can absorb a wide variety of. The objective of this work is to put on view phytoremediation as a technological helpful. Phytoremediation is just one of the many ways hemp has the potential to save the world. Cadmium and zinc, using alpine pennycress, a hyperaccumulator of these metals at levels that would. Phytoremediation of soil contaminated with heavy metals core. In the present study, an attempt to have a comparative assessment of the efficiency of aquatic weeds like typha latifolia, eichhornia crassipes, salvinia molesta and pistia stratiotes to treat the effluents under laboratory conditions.
Heavy metals have severe toxic effects on plants, animals, and human health, and therefore their remediation. Phytoremediation of barium, copper, zinc and arsenic contaminated soils by sunflower and alfalfa jamil zargan, massood fakharyfar biology group, faculty of basic science, imam hossein comprehensive university, tehran, iran article published on june 24, 2016 key words. Results on removal of heavy metals zn, pb, fe, cu, and ni through phytoremediation of landfill leachate by lemna minor at different time periods of exposure are shown in figures 15. The use of plants for the removal of heavy metals from soil and water offers a wide range of advantages. Phytoremediation of soils contaminated with heavy metals medcrave. Watson environmental, agricultural and analytical chemistry section, chemistry department, university of glasgow, glasgow g12 8qq, uk. Pdf phytoremediation of heavy metalsconcepts and applications. All soils have heavy metals as a result of geological processes and edaphogenetic. So, in our study we tried to enhance the phytoremediation capacity of eichhornia crassipes to treat heavy metals by using electric current.
Heavy metals are among the most important sorts of contaminant in the environment. Pdf owing to the immutable nature, metals are a group of pollutants of much higher concern. The sources of various heavy metals are listed in table table1. Phytoremediation of heavy metals from soils springerlink. Phytoremediation 4 phytoremediation consists of mitigating pollutant concentrations in contaminated soils, water, or air, with plants able to contain, degrade, or eliminate metals, pesticides, solvents,explosives, crude oil and its derivatives, and various other contaminants from the media that contain them. These results suggest that for successful phytoremediation of metal polluted soils, a strategy should be developed to combine a rapid screening of plant species possessing the ability to accumulate heavy metals with agronomic practices that enhance shoot biomass production andor increase metal bioavailability in the rhizosphere. However, information on mechanisms, stages and the role of plants, direct or even indirect, in transforming such compounds is scarce. City atlas youarethecity, in new york, is experimenting with indian mustard, mugwort, basket willow and sunflowers to remediate a contaminated garden.
Unlike organic compounds, metals cannot degrade, andtherefore effective cleanup requires their immobilization to reduce or remove toxicity. Heavy metals that have been identified in the polluted environment include as, cu, cd, pb, cr, ni, hg and zn. The current remediation technique of heavy metal from contaminated soilwater are expensive, time consuming and environmentally destructive. Phytoremediation of heavy metal and pahcontaminated brownfield sites s bastien roy, et al. Phytoremediation for heavy metal free download as powerpoint presentation.
Several methods already used to clean up the environment from these kinds of contaminants, but most of them are costly and difficult to get optimum results. Significant accumulation of heavy metals and metalloids in both soils and native wild flora suggests that metal contamination is a matter of great concern in the studied mining areas. Pdf the mobilization of heavy metals by man through extraction from ores and processing for. Fulekar environmental biotechnology laboratory, department of life sciences, university of mumbai, santacruz e, mumbai 400 098, india. Phytoremediation of heavy metal polluted soils and water. Pdf polluted soil and water impact the quality of food and nutrients of human and animal biota. Pistia stratiotes was examined in the presence of several distinct heavy metals separately, in order to determine the ability of the plant to tolerate and accumulate the metals tested and for eventual use for phytoremediation of waste water or natural water bodies polluted. Reduction in concentration of heavy metals in landfill leachate depends upon the duration of exposure to l. Phytoremediation of barium, copper, zinc and arsenic. Changes that control concentration and free metal activity of heavy metals in soil affect their bioavailability and uptake by plants spurgeon and hopkin 1996. Phytoremediation, heavy metals, contaminated soil, sunflower, alfalfa. The results are promising with some metals down 50% in a year. Phytoremediation of heavy metals from industrial effluent. Index termschromium, iron, phytoextraction, psoralea pinnata.
A b s t r a c t continued industrialization, agricultural practices, and other anthropogenic activities lead to heavy metals contamination. Soils contamination by heavy metals and metalloids has become a serious environmental issue today. Phytoremediation has been studied extensively in research and smallscale demonstrations, but fullscale applications are currently limited in number. Phytoremediation of soils contaminated with heavy metals. Review paper phytoremediation of toxic metals from soil. Wilson mw, edyvean rg 1995 biosorption for the removal of heavy metals from industrial wastewaters. Phytoremediation is a better option for cleanup of metal contaminated sites. Various amendments, including the augmentation of certain chemical substances i.
One promising strategy is phytoremediation, the use of plants to uptake heavy metals. As willow has some specific characteristics like high transport capacity of heavy metals from root to shoot,huge amount of biomass production, can use also for production of bio energy in the biomass energy power plant. Phytoremediation uses wild or genetically modified plants gmps to extract a wide range of heavy metals and organic pollutants from the soil. Conventionally, remediation of heavymetalcontaminated soils involves either.
The native flora displayed its ability to withstand high concentrations of heavy metalsmetalloids in the soil. Phytoremediation and physiological effects of mixed heavy metals. Physical, chemical and phytoremediation technique for. Phytoremediation uses plants to remove pollutants from the environment. Pdf phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated soils. Ppt phytoremediation of heavy metal and pahcontaminated.
Phytoremediation can be used to clean up metals, pesticides, solvents, explosives, crude oil, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and landfill leachates. Use of phytoremediation and biochar to remediate heavy. Initial experiments with transgenic plants have shown that they are indeed efficient in drawing metals from heavily contaminated soils. Adsorption is a physicochemical treatment processes which help in effective removal of heavy metals from metals contaminated wastewater and is one of the most preferred and efficient method. Phytoremediation is the use of plants and associated soil microbes to reduce the concentrations or toxic. Phytoremediation of heavy metals from industrial effluent using constructed wetland technology. Currently, phytoremediation is an effective and affordable technological solution used to extract or remove inactive metals and metal pollutants from. Phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated soil by.
Abstract phytoremediation is the natural ability of certain plants to bioaccumulate, degrade, or render harmless contaminants in soils, water, or air. The remediation of soils contaminated by heavy metals is a costintensive and technically complex procedure 25. Highlights heavy metal pollution is a serious environmental problem. Pdf the role of algae in phytoremediation of heavy. Introducing mobilizing microbes into contaminated water speed up the process of heavy metal accumulation wang et al. Assisting phytoremediation of heavy metals using chemical. The presence of any metal may vary from site to site, depending upon the source of individual pollutant. A number of metals including chromium, iron, arsenic, zinc, cadmium, mercury and copper are known to significantly compromise. Phytoremediation is based upon several processes such as phytodegradation, phytovolatilization, phytoaccumulation and phytoextraction. Titled phytoremediation of metals, the patent disclosed a method to remove metal ions from soil using plants. Phytoremediation is one of the safer, economical, and environmentfriendly techniques in which plants are used to recover polluted soils, particularly those containing toxic organic substances and heavy metals. Phytoremediation mechanisms of heavy metal contaminated.
Phytoremediation is a technology which can be applied in situ without moving or excavating large amounts of contaminated soil and leaves. Pdf phytoremediation of heavy metals assisted by plant. Pollution by heavy metals hm represents a serious threat for both the environment. Toxic heavy metals and organic pollutants are the major targets for phytoremediation. Its major advantage includes effectiveness at both highlow contaminant concentrations, selectivity by employing tailored. While not exclusive to the hemp plant, phytoremediation is natures way of vacuuming toxins, like chemicals and heavy metals, out of the soil and groundwater. Bousher a, chandra m eds biodeterioration and biodegradation 9, proceedings of the 9th international biodeterioration and biodegradation symposium, leeds, uk, sept. Advancement in molecular studies will improve efficiency of phytoremediation.
Show full abstract phytoremediation, which exploits the ability of certain plants to accumulate large amounts of heavy metals. In recent years, scientists and engineers have started to generate cost effective technologies that include use. Heavy metal, soils, contamination, phytoremediation 1. Introduction heavy metals are the major environmental contaminants and pose a severe threat to human and animal health by their longterm persistence in the environment 1. The use of metalaccumulating plants to clean soil and water contaminated with toxic metals is the most rapidly developing component of this environmentally friendly and costeffective technology. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id.
Heavy metal accumulation in mesquite trees prosopis laevigata growing in aluminum, titanium, chromium and zirconiumpolluted soils of a semiarid region in mexico was investigated using wavelength dispersive xray fluorescence analysis. Heavy metals can create stressful conditions to the plants and their growth becomes limited or impossible and this can influence the phytoremediation. Phytoremediation is the natural ability of certain plants to bioaccumulate, degrade, or render harmless contaminants in soils, water, or air. Several species of plants, including radish and mustard, were genetically engineered to express a protein called metallothionein. These methods are efficient, ecofriendly and economic. Phytoremediation of heavy metalcontaminated soil by. The plant protein binds heavy metals and removes them so that plant toxicity does not occur. Phytoremediation of soil metals has been successfully carried out at military sites, agricultural fields, industrial sites and mine. Several studies have demonstrated that certain particular plants increase biodegradation of a number of exogenous organic molecules in contaminated soils. Phytoremediation for heavy metal treatment, bring you some principles. This method is to increases mobility of metals in soil by application of chelating agents or surfactants, such as citric acid, edta, cdta, dtpa, egta, eddha, and nta, so that the metals can be taken up more easily by. The criteria used, and whether metalloids are included, vary depending on the author and context.
Study on application of phytoremediation technology in. Accepted 19 december, 2008 the current remediation technique of heavy metal from contaminated soilwater are expensive, time. In recent years, knowledge of the physiological and molecular mechanisms of phytoremediation began to emerge together with biological and engineering strategies designed to optimize and improve phytoremediation. Phytoremediation is a green technology with good public perception. Phytoremediation of heavy metal polluted soils and water ncbi.
In order to maintain good quality of soils and waters and keep them free from. Research is in progress to screen plants for hyperaccumulation of heavy metals. No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors. Phytoremediation of soils contaminated with metals and. The plant used for phytoremediation accumulates heavy metals as harvested tissue, which can be disposed off.
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